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Strokes and the rules

Day 1 of 30~12 minThe building blocks of every character
Pinyin help
Tone colours
一 · 二 · 三 · 十

Every Chinese character, however complicated, is made of a handful of basic strokes, written in a set order. Today is the first strokes and the first four characters, which are numbers you already know from the daily course.

The first characters

Four characters, two strokes.

一
yī
one
One horizontal stroke, written left to right.
二
èr
two
Two horizontals, the top one shorter.
三
sān
three
Three horizontals, the middle one shortest.
十
shí
ten
A horizontal, then a vertical through it.
Why it works

Numbers are the easiest characters there are, and they teach the first rule for free: horizontal strokes go left to right, and the top stroke comes first. Write each one with the stroke-order animation on its character page.

The basic strokes

Their names, which teachers use.

横
héng
horizontal stroke
Left to right, as in 一.
竖
shù
vertical stroke
Top to bottom, as in 十.
撇
piě
left-falling stroke
Down and to the left, as in 人.
点
diǎn
dot
A short stroke, often at the top.
Why it works

You do not need these names to write well, but every Chinese teacher and stroke-order chart uses them. 横 and 竖 are worth knowing because the first rule of stroke order is about them.

Easy to confuse

Shapes that differ by one stroke.

Ten, or plus
Looks like
十
shí
Is actually
十
shí
The same character: ten. The plus sign is a different symbol, but the shape is the reason 十 is easy to remember.
Two, or the top of three
Looks like
二
èr
Is actually
三
sān
Count the strokes: two or three horizontals.
Ten, or seven
Looks like
十
shí
Is actually
七
qī
七 is 十 with the vertical turned to the right at the bottom.
Why it works

Many beginner mistakes are one stroke out. Counting strokes is the habit that catches them, and it is how dictionaries are organised too.

Why stroke order matters

Stroke order is not only tradition. Writing strokes in the standard order makes characters look right, makes them faster to write, and makes handwriting readable by others, including handwriting input on a phone, which recognises characters partly by the order you draw them.

你好
nǐ hǎo
hello
您好
nín hǎo
hello, politely
你们好
nǐmen hǎo
hello, to a group

8 questions. Get 5 right to finish the day.

  1. 十 means…

    • horizontal stroke
    • Ten, or seven
    • ten
    • one
    Show the answer

    ten A horizontal, then a vertical through it.

  2. 竖 means…

    • dot
    • two
    • one
    • vertical stroke
    Show the answer

    vertical stroke Top to bottom, as in 十.

  3. 二 means…

    • three
    • two
    • ten
    • Ten, or seven
    Show the answer

    two Two horizontals, the top one shorter.

  4. 点 means…

    • three
    • ten
    • one
    • dot
    Show the answer

    dot A short stroke, often at the top.

  5. Type the pinyin for 撇.

    Show the answer

    piě Down and to the left, as in 人.

  6. Which one means "one"?

    • 十 shí
    • 竖 shù
    • 三 sān
    • 一 yī
    Show the answer

    一 One horizontal stroke, written left to right.

  7. Which one means "three"?

    • 三 sān
    • 点 diǎn
    • 十 shí
    • 一 yī
    Show the answer

    三 Three horizontals, the middle one shortest.

  8. Type the Chinese or pinyin for "horizontal stroke".

    Show the answer

    héng Left to right, as in 一.

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